Problem based microbiology pdf free download






















Sand grains is usually made up of silicon dioxide to withstand the Mariana deep ocean pressure as we know the pressure increase following the deepest of the sea.

This microbial skeleton also made up of silicon dioxide. At the bottom of the sea, the calcium carbonate are not the option because the intense pressure will dissolve the mineral of this skeleton. The xenophyophores also sequester their faecal pellets, which they may also integrate into their skeleton. This bacteria with its own faecal pellets are more softer because those are using more cements. Species are use a high proportion of foreign particles in their construction are generally quite rigid.

This bacteria have a coenocytic or hyphal organisation, with numerous nucleic scattered throughout long branching cytoplasmic tubes. Xenophyophores trap and eat tiny particles by engulfment. This bacteria has strings of mucus which are deployed along the test which build up feces and sediment called stercomes. Flora of these bacteria were present in abundance of these mucous threads. Their mucous threads are constantly pulling and trapping particles from the surrounding area in order to provide futher nutrition.

How to let microbes survive in long journey Once suspended in the air column, these microbes have the opportunity to travel long distances with the help of wind and precipitation, increasing the occurrence of widespread disease by these microorganisms. Atmosphere Along with water droplets, dust particles and other matter, air contains microbes Al-Dagal Microbes follow a particular pathway in which they are suspended into the atmosphere.

First they are launched into the air. Al-Dagal The atmosphere can have a variety of physical characteristics, and can be very extreme in terms of the relative humidity, temperature and radiation. These factors play a huge role in what kinds of microbes will survive in the atmosphere and how long they will stay alive Pepper Clouds One area that bioaerosols can be found in is within clouds.

Cloud water is a mixture of organic and inorganic compounds suspended within moisture contribution of microbial activity yo clouds. The conditions in clouds are not conducive to much life, as microbes present there must withstand freezing temperatures, the threat of desiccation, and extreme UV rays.

Clouds are also an acidic environment, with a pH ranging from 3 to 7. Nevertheless, there are extremophile microbes which can withstand all of these environmental pressures.

Clouds serve as a transport for these microbes, dispersing them over long distances Amato Physical Environment Stresses The atmosphere is a difficult place for a microbe to survive. Dessication is the primary stress that aeromicrobes face, and it limits the amount of time that they can survive while suspended in the air Pepper Humidity within the air is a second factor which can affect the survival of organisms.

Finally, radiation poses a potential hazard for aeromicrobes, as it can damage DNA within the cells. How the human get affected by the microbes. Based on the passage, it is known that five of the scientist that join the diving trip were get infected by the microbes. Human that get infected by microbes either can be infected by disease or not. Microbes is an organism that can be very important and also can be very dangerous to human being.

Some of the microbe can even cause disease but most of them are very harmless. There is a specific term used to describe a microbe that can cause disease, that is pathogens. Microbes can infect a human if the pathogens invades and multiply in a human. Not all the infection will cause disease. Disease is only confirmed to give impact to human when the infection cause damage to the human system or any function of the human body.

Microbes that can cause disease also must enter human body by any mean before causing the disease to the human. The opening that allow the microbes to enter human body is known as portal of entry.

There are many ways for the microbes to enter human body. The ways are through break in the skin surface such as cut which cause the infection of Clostridium tetani that easily cause tetanus, through urogenital organ that include urinary system and reproductive system which cause the infection of Escheria coli that cause cystitis,through gastrointestinal tract that include mouth oral cavity which cause the infection of Vibrio cholerae that cause cholera and lastly through respiratory tract that include mouth and nose which cause the infection of Influenza virus that cause flu.

Microbes can makes human ultimately ill, but before that, microbes have to really work hard to reach to the cell. The first step that the microbes had to do is reach to their target place in the body. After that, they have to immediately increase in their number or multiply to continue with the process.

Next, they will try their best to obtain or absorb any nutrient from the host. So, based on the description above, it clearly shows that microbes give bad effect to human body, but not all of the microbes give bad impact.

Only some of it really harmful and cause disease while the other are not. Furthermore, there are many more microbes that actually gives benefit to human by helping with the function of human body. In some cases, the human and the microbes both get benefit as they both help each other and also in some cases, only microbes get the benefits.

It is said that the scientist get infected by the bacterium which is a part of the microbes and the symptoms of the disease is more or less likely same with the symptoms of Escherichia coli H7. So, the scientist might having some of the symptoms of Escheria Coli such as abdominal cramps, bloody diarrhea and vomitting.

Escheria coli is known for attacking the intestines of a healthy human but a large number of Escheria coli is known to be harmless to human. Escheria coli give different impact to human of different age. For healthy adult, they usually recover from the infection after just a week and for young children and older adult, they have been more likely developing some serious disease such kidney failure or known as hemolytic uremic syndrome.

The treatments for symptoms of Escherichia Coli OH7 Of late, Patients, especially healthy adults, actually do not need the treatment for E. Report this app Download links do not work There is a new version Others. Download File. Download File Now. Related apps. Leave a Reply Cancel reply Your email address will not be published. Leave this field empty. This website uses cookies to improve your experience.

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